Mu myaka itatu ishize, itangwa nogurisha bya pigiseli ntoya LED nini ya ecran yagumanye umuvuduko wubwiyongere buri mwaka burenga 80%.Uru rwego rwo gukura ntiruri mu buhanga buhanitse mu nganda nini za none, ahubwo no ku kigero cyo hejuru cy’inganda nini za ecran.Iterambere ryihuse ryisoko ryerekana imbaraga zikomeye za pigiseli ntoya ya tekinoroji ya LED.
COB: Kuzamuka kw'ibicuruzwa "Igisekuru cya kabiri"
ntoya ya pigiseli ntoya ya LED ikoresha tekinoroji ya COB yitwa "generation ya kabiri" ntoya ya pigiseli ntoya LED yerekana.Kuva mu mwaka ushize, ubu bwoko bwibicuruzwa bwerekanye uburyo bwo kuzamuka kwihuta kwisoko kandi byahindutse igishushanyo mbonera "cyiza" cyerekana ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byibanda kumurongo wohejuru woherejwe no kohereza.
SMD, COB kuri MicroLED, Ibizaza mugihe kinini kinini LED LED
COB ni impfunyapfunyo y'Icyongereza ChipsonBoard.Ikoranabuhanga rya mbere ryatangiye mu myaka ya za 1960.Ni "igishushanyo mbonera cy'amashanyarazi" kigamije koroshya imiterere ya pake y'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nziza kandi bitezimbere ibicuruzwa byanyuma.Muri make, imiterere ya pake ya COB nuko umwimerere, chip yambaye ubusa cyangwa ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bigurishwa muburyo bwumuzunguruko kandi bigapfundikirwa na resin idasanzwe.
Muri LED porogaramu, pake ya COB ikoreshwa cyane cyane muri sisitemu yo kumurika cyane hamwe na pigiseli ntoya ya LED yerekana.Iyambere ireba ibyiza byo gukonjesha byazanywe na tekinoroji ya COB, mugihe iyanyuma idakoresha gusa inyungu zihamye za COB mugukonjesha ibicuruzwa, ahubwo inagera kubidasanzwe murukurikirane rw "ingaruka zimikorere".
Ibyiza bya COB enapsulation kuri pigiseli ntoya ya LED LED ikubiyemo: 1. Tanga urubuga rwiza rwo gukonjesha.Kuberako paki ya COB ari agace kristu ihuye neza nubuyobozi bwa PCB, irashobora gukoresha byimazeyo "agace ka substrate" kugirango igere ku bushyuhe no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.Urwego rwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe nicyo kintu cyibanze kigena ituze, igipimo cy inenge nubuzima bwa serivisi ya pigiseli ntoya ya LED ecran.Imiterere nziza yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mubisanzwe bisobanura gutuza muri rusange.
2. Porogaramu ya COB ni imiterere ifunze rwose.Harimo ikibaho cyumuzunguruko wa PCB, uduce twa kristu, kugurisha ibirenge hamwe nuyobora, nibindi byose bifunze neza.Ibyiza byububiko bifunze biragaragara - kurugero, ubushuhe, kugwa, kwangirika kwanduye, no gusukura byoroshye ibikoresho.
3. Porogaramu ya COB irashobora gushushanywa hamwe nibindi bidasanzwe "byerekana optique".Kurugero, imiterere yububiko bwayo, gushiraho agace ka amorphous, irashobora gutwikirwa nibintu byirabura bikurura urumuri.Ibi bituma ibicuruzwa bya COB birushaho kuba byiza bitandukanye.Urundi rugero, pake ya COB irashobora guhindura ibintu bishya kubishushanyo mbonera bya optique hejuru ya kristu kugirango tumenye ubwiza bwa pigiseli ya pigiseli kandi tunonosore ibibi byubunini buke buke kandi butangaje bwurumuri rusanzwe rwa pigiseli ntoya ya LED.
4. COB igizwe na kristu yo kugurisha ntabwo ikoresha uburyo bwo kugurisha SMT uburyo bwo kugurisha.Ahubwo, irashobora gukoresha "uburyo bwo kugurisha ubushyuhe buke" harimo gusudira ubushyuhe bwumuriro, gusudira ultrasonic, hamwe no guhuza insinga za zahabu.Ibi bituma igice cya kabiri cyayobora LED kristaliste itagengwa nubushyuhe bwo hejuru burenga dogere 240.Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ni ingingo yingenzi yerekana icyuho gito LED yapfuye n'amatara yapfuye, cyane cyane amatara yapfuye.Mugihe gahunda yo gupfa yerekana itara ryapfuye kandi rigomba gusanwa, "kugurisha kabiri-ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo kugurisha" nabyo bizabaho.Inzira ya COB ikuraho burundu.Uru nirwo rufunguzo rwibikorwa bya COB igipimo kibi kibaye kimwe cya cumi cyibicuruzwa-byo hejuru.
Birumvikana ko inzira ya COB nayo ifite "intege nke zayo."Icya mbere nikibazo cyibiciro.Inzira ya COB igura ibirenze inzira yo hejuru.Ni ukubera ko inzira ya COB mubyukuri ari intambwe igizwe, kandi hejuru yubuso nuburyo bwo kwishyira hamwe.Mbere yubuso bwubuso bwashyizwe mubikorwa, LED kristu ya kirisiti yamaze kunyuramo.Iri tandukaniro ryatumye COB igira umubare munini w’ishoramari, igipimo cy’ibiciro, hamwe n’ubuhanga bwa tekinike uhereye ku bucuruzi bwa LED.Ariko, niba "itara ryamatara hamwe no guhuza itumanaho" ryibikorwa byo kwishyiriraho hejuru ugereranije nuburyo bwa COB, ihinduka ryibiciro ryemewe bihagije, kandi hariho impinduka zo kugabanuka hamwe nibikorwa bihamye hamwe niterambere ryikigereranyo.
Icya kabiri, guhuza amashusho yibicuruzwa bya COB bisaba gutinda tekiniki.Harimo ibara ryimyororokere ya kole ubwayo hamwe nuburyo buhoraho bwurumuri rwa kirisiti itanga urumuri, igerageza kugenzura ubuziranenge bwurwego rwose rwinganda nurwego rwo guhinduka nyuma.Ariko, iyi mbogamizi ni ikibazo cy "uburambe bworoshye."Binyuze mu ruhererekane rw'iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga, ibigo byinshi mu nganda byize tekinoloji y'ingenzi yo gukomeza guhuza neza umusaruro munini.
Icya gatatu, COB ikubiyemo ibicuruzwa bifite umwanya munini wa pigiseli byongera cyane "umusaruro utoroshye" wibicuruzwa.Muyandi magambo, tekinoroji ya COB ntabwo ari nziza, ntabwo ikoreshwa kubicuruzwa bifite umwanya wa P1.8.Kuberako intera nini, COB izazana ibiciro byiyongera cyane..Ibikorwa bya COB bizaza bizakoreshwa cyane cyane muri P1.2 no munsi yibicuruzwa.
Nukuri kuberako ibyiza byavuzwe haruguru nibibi bya COB encapsulation ntoya ya pigiseli ntoya LED yerekana ko: 1.COB ntabwo aribwo buryo bwambere bwo guhitamo inzira ya pigiseli ntoya ya LED yerekana.Kuberako pigiseli ntoya ya LED igenda itera imbere kuva mubicuruzwa binini, byanze bikunze izungura tekinoloji ikuze nubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro murwego rwo hejuru.Ibi kandi byashushanyijeho igishushanyo cyubu cyashizwe hejuru ya pigiseli ntoya LEDs ifata igice kinini cyisoko rya pigiseli ntoya ya LED.
2. COB ni "byanze bikunze inzira" ya pigiseli ntoya ya LED yerekanwe kugirango irusheho kwimukira mubibuga bito no murwego rwohejuru rwimbere.Kuberako, hejuru ya pigiseli ihanitse, igipimo cyumucyo cyumucyo cyibikorwa byo hejuru-gihinduka "ikibazo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye."Ikoranabuhanga rya COB rirashobora kunoza cyane itara ryapfuye ryerekanwa rya pigiseli ntoya ya LED yerekana.Muri icyo gihe, mu isoko ryohejuru-ryoherejwe no kohereza isoko hagati, intandaro yo kwerekana ingaruka ntabwo ari "umucyo" ahubwo ni "ihumure no kwizerwa" yiganje.Nibyo rwose nibyiza bya tekinoroji ya COB.
Kubwibyo, guhera 2016, iterambere ryihuse rya COB enapsulation ntoya ya pigiseli ya LED yerekana irashobora gufatwa nkuruvange rw "ikibuga gito" n "isoko ryohejuru".Imikorere yisoko ryiri tegeko nuko amasosiyete ya ecran ya LED atishora mumasoko yubuyobozi no kohereza ibigo bidafite inyungu nke mubuhanga bwa COB;LED ya ecran yibanda cyane kumasoko yubuyobozi no kohereza ibigo bashishikajwe cyane niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya COB.
Ikoranabuhanga ntirigira iherezo, ecran nini ya MicroLED nayo iri mumuhanda
Guhindura tekinike ya LED yerekana ibicuruzwa byabonye ibyiciro bitatu: kumurongo, hejuru-hejuru, COB, na revolisiyo ebyiri.Kuva kumurongo, hejuru-gushiraho, kugeza kuri COB bisobanura ikibanza gito kandi gihamye.Iyi nzira yubwihindurize niterambere rya LED yerekana, kandi yateje imbere amasoko menshi yo murwego rwohejuru.None ubwo bwoko bwihindagurika bwikoranabuhanga buzakomeza ejo hazaza?Igisubizo ni yego.
LED ecran kuva kumurongo kugeza hejuru yimpinduka, cyane cyane inzira ihuriweho hamwe namatara yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi.Inyungu ziyi mpinduka nubushobozi bwo hejuru bwo guhuza ubushobozi.LED ya ecran mugice gito cya pigiseli yicyiciro, kuva murwego rwo hejuru-kwishyiriraho inzira ya COB ihinduka, hiyongereyeho uburyo bwo guhuza hamwe nibisobanuro byahinduwe, guhuza COB no guhuza ibikorwa ni inzira yinganda zose zongeye gutandukana.Muri icyo gihe, inzira ya COB ntabwo izana ubushobozi buke bwo kugenzura ikibuga gusa, ahubwo izana ihumure ryiza kandi rifite uburambe.
Kugeza ubu, tekinoroji ya MicroLED yahindutse ikindi cyerekezo cyo kureba imbere LED nini-nini yubushakashatsi.Ugereranije n'ibisekuru byabanjirije COB itunganya pigiseli ntoya ya LED, igitekerezo cya MicroLED ntabwo ari impinduka muburyo bwo guhuza cyangwa gukoresha tekinoroji, ahubwo ishimangira "miniaturisation" ya kirisiti yamashanyarazi.
Muri ultra-high pigiseli yubucucike buto bwa pigiseli ya LED yerekana ibicuruzwa, hari ibintu bibiri byihariye bya tekiniki bisabwa: Icya mbere, ubunini bwa pigiseli ndende, ubwabwo busaba ubunini bw'itara rito.Ubuhanga bwa COB bukubiyemo ibice bya kristu.Ugereranije na tekinoroji yo hejuru yubuso, ibicuruzwa byamasaro yamatara bimaze kugurishwa biragurishwa.Mubisanzwe, bafite ibyiza byo gupima geometrike.Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu zituma COB ikwiranye nibicuruzwa bito bito bya LED.Icya kabiri, hejuru ya pigiseli yo hejuru nayo isobanura ko urwego rukenewe rwa buri pigiseli rwagabanutse.Ultra-ntoya ya pigiseli ya ecran ya LED, ahanini ikoreshwa murugo no hafi yo kureba kure, ifite ibyo isabwa kugirango imurikire, byagabanutse kuva ibihumbi n'ibihumbi bya lumens muri ecran yo hanze bikagera munsi yigihumbi, cyangwa amagana ya lumens.Mubyongeyeho, kwiyongera kwumubare wa pigiseli kuri buri gace kamwe, gukurikirana urumuri rwinshi rwa kirisiti imwe izagwa.
Gukoresha MicroLED ya micro-kristu yububiko, ni ukuvuga guhura na geometrike ntoya (mubisabwa bisanzwe, ingano ya kirisiti ya MicroLED irashobora kuba imwe kugeza ku bihumbi icumi kugeza ku bihumbi icumi bya cumi na bibiri bya none bigezweho bya pigiseli ntoya ya LED itara rya LED), nabyo Guhura n'ibiranga hepfo umucyo wa kristu ibice bifite pigiseli ihanitse ibisabwa.Mugihe kimwe, ikiguzi cya LED cyerekanwe ahanini kigizwe nibice bibiri: inzira na substrate.Gitoya ya microcrystalline LED yerekana bisobanura gukoresha ibikoresho bike.Cyangwa, iyo pigiseli yuburyo bwa pigiseli ntoya iyobowe na ecran irashobora guhazwa icyarimwe nubunini bunini na bunini bwa LED kristu, gufata ibyanyuma bisobanura igiciro gito.
Muncamake, inyungu zitaziguye za MicroLEDs kuri pigiseli ntoya LED nini ya ecran nini zirimo igiciro gito cyibikoresho, ibyiza-bito-byiza, imikorere ya graycale nini, na geometrie nto.
Muri icyo gihe, MicroLEDs ifite inyungu zinyongera kuri pigiseli ntoya ya LED ya ecran ya LED: 1. Ingano ntoya ya kirisiti isobanura ko agace kagaragaza ibikoresho bya kristu byagabanutse cyane.Agace gato ka pigiseli ya LED ecran irashobora gukoresha ibikoresho nubuhanga bikurura urumuri ahantu hanini kugirango hongerwe ingaruka zumukara nijimye zijimye za ecran ya LED.2. Uduce duto twa kirisiti dusiga umwanya munini kumubiri wa LED.Umwanya wubatswe urashobora gutondekanya hamwe nibindi bice bya sensor, ibikoresho bya optique, ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, nibindi nkibyo.3. Agace gato ka pigiseli LED yerekana tekinoroji ya MicroLED iragwa uburyo bwa COB enapsulation muri rusange kandi ifite ibyiza byose byibicuruzwa byikoranabuhanga bya COB.
Nibyo, nta tekinoroji itunganye.MicroLED nayo ntisanzwe.Ugereranije na pigiseli ntoya isanzwe ya LED yerekanwe hamwe na COB-encapsulation LED yerekana, imbogamizi nyamukuru ya MicroLED ni "inzira irambuye."Inganda zita ibi "umubare munini w'ikoranabuhanga ryo kohereza."Nukuvuga ko amamiriyoni ya kirisiti ya LED kuri wafer, hamwe nigikorwa kimwe cya kirisiti nyuma yo gutandukana, ntishobora kurangizwa muburyo bworoshye bwubukanishi, ariko bisaba ibikoresho nibikorwa byihariye.
Iyanyuma nayo "ntakibazo" mubikorwa bya MicroLED byubu.Ariko, bitandukanye na ultra-nziza, ultra-high-density MicroLED yerekana ikoreshwa muri VR cyangwa ecran ya terefone igendanwa, MicroLEDs ikoreshwa bwa mbere mu kwerekana ibinini binini bya LED bidafite “pigiseli yuzuye”.Kurugero, umwanya wa pigiseli ya P1.2 cyangwa P0.5 ni igicuruzwa cyoroshye cyoroshye "kugera" kubuhanga bwa "transfert nini".
Mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cy’ikoranabuhanga ryinshi ryo kwimura, itsinda ry’abashoramari bo muri Tayiwani ryashizeho igisubizo cyumvikanyweho, ni ukuvuga ibisekuruza 2,5 bya pigiseli ntoya ya ecran ya LED: MiniLED.MiniLED ya kirisiti nini kuruta MicroLED gakondo, ariko iracyari kimwe cya cumi gusa gisanzwe cya pigiseli ntoya isanzwe ya ecran ya ecran ya LED, cyangwa mirongo mike.Hamwe niki gicuruzwa cyagabanijwe na MiNILED, Innotec yizera ko izashobora kugera ku "gukura neza" no gutanga umusaruro mwinshi mu myaka 1-2.
Muri rusange, tekinoroji ya MicroLED ikoreshwa mugace gato ka pigiseli ya LED hamwe nisoko rinini rya ecran, ishobora gukora "igihangano cyiza" cyerekana imikorere, itandukaniro, ibipimo byamabara, hamwe nurwego rwo kuzigama ingufu zirenze kure ibicuruzwa bihari.Nyamara, kuva hejuru-hejuru kugeza kuri COB kugeza MicroLED, inganda ntoya ya pigiseli ya LED inganda zizamurwa mu gisekuru kugera ku kindi, kandi bizakenera kandi guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga.
Ubukorikori bugerageza "Ultimate Trial" ya pigiseli ntoya ya LED Inganda zikora inganda
LED ibicuruzwa biva kumurongo, hejuru kugeza kuri COB, gukomeza gutera imbere murwego rwo kwishyira hamwe, ejo hazaza h’ibicuruzwa binini bya MicroLED, tekinoroji ya "transfert nini" biragoye cyane.
Niba umurongo uri kumurongo ari tekinoroji yumwimerere ishobora kurangizwa nintoki, noneho inzira yo kwishyiriraho hejuru ni inzira igomba kubyazwa umusaruro, kandi tekinoroji ya COB igomba kurangizwa mubidukikije bisukuye, byikora byuzuye, kandi sisitemu igenzurwa numubare.Gahunda ya MicroLED izaza ntabwo ifite ibintu byose biranga COB gusa, ahubwo inashiraho umubare munini wibikorwa byo kohereza ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki "ntoya".Ingorabahizi irusheho kuzamurwa, irimo uburambe bukomeye bwo gukora inganda.
Kugeza ubu, umubare munini w'ikoranabuhanga ryo kohereza MicroLED uhagarariye ryerekana kwitabwaho no gukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibihangange mpuzamahanga nka Apple, Sony, AUO na Samsung.Isosiyete ya Apple ifite icyitegererezo cyerekana ibicuruzwa bishobora kwambarwa, kandi Sony yageze ku musaruro mwinshi wa P1.2 utera LED nini nini.Intego ya sosiyete yo muri Tayiwani ni uguteza imbere gukura kwinshi mu buhanga bwo kohereza no kuba umunywanyi w’ibicuruzwa byerekana OLED.
Muri iri terambere ryibisekuru bya LED, icyerekezo cyo kwiyongera gahoro gahoro inzira igira inyungu zayo: kurugero, kongera urwego rwinganda, gukumira abanywanyi benshi badafite icyo bivuze, kongera ingufu mubikorwa byinganda, no gukora ibigo byingenzi byinganda "guhatana".Ibyiza "gushimangira cyane no gukora ibicuruzwa byiza.Nyamara, ubu bwoko bwo kuzamura inganda nabwo bufite ibibi.Ni ukuvuga, inzitizi y'ibisekuru bishya byo kuzamura ikoranabuhanga, imbibi zatewe inkunga, urwego rwubushakashatsi nubushobozi bwiterambere ruri hejuru, inzitizi yo gushiraho ibyifuzo bikenerwa ni ndende, kandi ingaruka zishoramari nazo ziriyongera cyane.Impinduka zanyuma zizafasha cyane kwiharira ibihangange mpuzamahanga kuruta iterambere ryibigo bishya byaho.
Ibyo aribyo byose byanyuma pigiseli ntoya ya LED ibicuruzwa bishobora kugaragara, iterambere rishya ryikoranabuhanga rihora rikwiriye gutegereza.Hariho tekinoroji nyinshi zishobora gukoreshwa mubutunzi bwikoranabuhanga bwinganda za LED: ntabwo ari COB gusa ahubwo n'ikoranabuhanga rya flip-chip;ntabwo MicroLEDs ishobora gusa kuba QLED kristu cyangwa ibindi bikoresho.
Muri make, pigiseli ntoya ya LED inganda nini nini ni inganda zikomeza guhanga udushya no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-08-2021